Neurophysiologische Korrelate von Restwahrnehmung nach Läsion des primär visuellen Kortex

M. A. Schoenfeld; D. Poggel; T. Noesselt; C. Tempelmann; D. B. Sellner; A. Szentkuti; S. A. Hillyard; H.-J. Heinze

doi:10.1055/s-2003-815013

Klinische Neurophysiologie, Table of Contents

Klinische Neurophysiologie 2004; 35(3): 107-112
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-815013

Originalia

Neurophysiologische Korrelate von Restwahrnehmung nach Läsion des primär visuellen Kortex

Neurophysiological Correlates of Preserved Vision after a Lesion of the Primary Visual CortexM. A. Schoenfeld¹ , D. Poggel² , T. Noesselt¹ , C. Tempelmann¹ , D. B. Sellner¹ , A. Szentkuti¹ , S. A. Hillyard³ , H.-J. Heinze¹

¹Klinik für Neurologie II, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
²Department of Biochemical Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA, USA
³Dept. of Neurosciences, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Einleitung: In dieser Studie wurden die neurophysiologischen Korrelate der bewussten Restwahrnehmung für Bewegungsreize bei einem Patienten mit einer Läsion des primären Kortex nach einem Insult im Versorgungsgebiet der A. cerebri posterior untersucht. Methodik: Das durch Bewegungsreize im hemianopen Gesichtsfeld evozierte Aktivitätsmuster wurde mit Magnetenzephalographie und funktioneller Kernspintomographie untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die funktionelle Kernspintomographie zeigte, dass Bewegungsreize im hemianopen Gesichtsfeld Aktivierungen im extrastriären visuellen Kortex der geschädigten Hemisphäre hervorgerufen haben. Die Magnetenzephalographie zeigte, dass zunächst die hierarchisch höhere Region V5 und danach die hierarchisch niedrigeren Regionen V2/V3 in der Nähe der Läsion aktiviert wurden. Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Restwahrnehmung für Bewegung durch subkortikale Bahnen vermittelt werden kann, die den primär visuellen Kortex umgehen.

Abstract

Introduction: The neurophysiological correlates of preserved vision for motion associated with awareness were studied in a patient with a lesion of the striate cortex following a posterior cerebral artery stroke. Method: Magnetencephalography was employed in conjunction with functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the spatio-temporal pattern of neural activity elicited by moving stimuli presented to the hemianopic field of the patient. Results: Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed that motion stimuli presented to the hemianopic field produced activation in several extrastriate areas of the lesioned hemisphere. Magnetoencephalographic recordings indicated that evoked activity occurred earlier in the higher-tier visual area V5 than in the lower-tier areas V2/V3 adjacent to the lesion. Discussion: The results suggest that preserved vision for motion is mediated by subcortical pathways that bypass the primary visual cortex.

Key words

Riddoch syndrome - blindsight - PCA stroke - motion - MEG - fMRI

Full Text

References

Literatur

1 Weiskrantz L, Warrington E K, Sanders M D, Marshall J. Visual Capacity in the Hemianopic Field Following a Restricted Occipital Ablation. Brain. 1974; 97 709-728
2 Riddoch G. Dissociation of Visual Perceptions Due to Occipital Injuries, With Especial Reference to Appreciation of Movement. Brain. 1917; 40 15-57
3 Fendrich R, Wessinger C M, Gazzaniga M S. Residual Vision in a Scotoma: Implications for Blindsight (See Comments). Science. 27.11.1992; 258 1489-1491
4 Kaas J H, Krubitzer L A. Area 17 Lesions Deactivate Area MT in Owl Monkeys. VisNeurosci. 1992; 9 399-407
5 Scharli H, Harman A M, Hogben J H. Blindsight in Subjects With Homonymous Visual Field Defects. J Cogn Neurosci. 1999; 11 52-66
6 Kentridge R W, Heywood C A, Weiskrantz L. Residual Vision in Multiple Retinal Locations Within a Scotoma: Implications for Blindsight. The Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 1997; 9 (2) 191-202
7 Stoerig P, Kleinschmidt A, Frahm . No visual responses in denervated V1: high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of a blindsight patient. Neuroreport. 1998; 9 (1) 21-25
8 Barbur J L, Harlow A J, Weiskrantz L. Spatial and Temporal Response Properties of Residual Vision in a Case of Hemianopia. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1994; 343 157-166
9 Sahraie A, Weiskrantz L, Barbur J L, Simmons A, Williams S C, Brammer M J. Pattern of Neuronal Activity Associated With Conscious and Unconscious Processing of Visual Signals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997; 94 9406-9411
10 Goebel R, Muckli L, Zanella F E, Singer W, Stoerig P. Sustained Extrastriate Cortical Activation Without Visual Awareness Revealed by FMRI Studies of Hemianopic Patients. Vision Res. 2001; 41 1459-1474
11 Yukie M, Iwai E. Direct Projection From the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus to the Prestriate Cortex in Macaque Monkeys. J Comp Neurol. 1981; 201 81-97
12 Cowey A, Stoerig P, Bannister M. Retinal Ganglion Cells Labelled From the Pulvinar Nucleus in Macaque Monkeys. Neuroscience. 1994; 61 691-705
13 Standage G P, Benevento L A. The Organization of Connections Between the Pulvinar and Visual Area MT in the Macaque Monkey. Brain Res. 1983; 262 288-294
14 Girard P, Salin P A, Bullier J. Response Selectivity of Neurons in Area MT of the Macaque Monkey During Reversible Inactivation of Area V1. J Neurophysiol. 1992; 67 1437-1446
15 Rodman H R, Gross C G, Albright T D. Afferent Basis of Visual Response Properties in Area MT of the Macaque. I. Effects of Striate Cortex Removal. J Neurosci. 1989; 9 2033-2050
16 Rodman H R, Gross C G, Albright T D. Afferent Basis of Visual Response Properties in Area MT of the Macaque. II. Effects of Superior Colliculus Removal. J Neurosci. 1990; 10 1154-1164
17 Dineen J, Hendrickson A, Keating E G. Alterations of Retinal Inputs Following Striate Cortex Removal in Adult Monkey. Exp Brain Res. 1982; 47 (3) 446-456
18 Cowey A, Stoerig P, Williams C. Variance in Transneuronal Retrograde Ganglion Cell Degeneration in Monkeys After Removal of Striate Cortex: Effects of Size of the Cortical Lesion. Vision Res. 1999; 39 3642-3652
19 Barbur J L, Watson J D, Frackowiak R S, Zeki S. Conscious Visual Perception Without V1. Brain. 1993; 116 (Pt 6) 1293-1302
20 Ffytche D H, Guy C N, Zeki S. The Parallel Visual Motion Inputs into Areas V1 and V5 of Human Cerebral Cortex. Brain. 1995; 118 (Pt 6) 1375-1394
21 Zeki S, Ffytche D H. The Riddoch Syndrome: Insights into the Neurobiology of Conscious Vision. Brain. 1998; 121 (Pt 1) 25-45
22 Goebel R, Khorram-Sefat D, Muckli L, Hacker H, Singer W. The Constructive Nature of Vision: Direct Evidence From Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies of Apparent Motion and Motion Imagery. Eur J Neurosci. 1998; 10 1563-1573
23 Stoerig P, Cowey A. Blindsight in Man and Monkey. Brain. 1997; 120 (Pt 3) 535-559
24 Moore T, Rodman H R, Repp A B, Gross C G. Localization of Visual Stimuli After Striate Cortex Damage in Monkeys: Parallels With Human Blindsight. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995; 92 8215-8218
25 Moore T, Rodman H R, Gross C G. Direction of Motion Discrimination After Early Lesions of Striate Cortex (V1) of the Macaque Monkey. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001; 98 (1) 325-330
26 Rosa M G, Tweedale R, Elston G N. Visual Responses of Neurons in the Middle Temporal Area of New World Monkeys After Lesions of Striate Cortex. J Neurosci. 2000; 20 (14) 5552-5563

Dr. med. Mircea Ariel Schoenfeld

Klinik für Neurologie II · Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg

Leipzigerstraße 44

39120 Magdeburg

Email: ariel@neuro2.med.uni-magdeburg.de